COMPETIÇÃO E CONCENTRAÇÃO BANCÁRIA NO BRASIL

Abstract

The Brazilian banking system has been undergoing major changes since the 1990s, when many banks lost the gains from inflationary transfers, which required the adoption of several measures to protect the sector, in a market impacted by economic and political crises. There are few studies to assess banking concentration and competition in Brazil, especially after mergers of banks and digital transformation in the Banking Sector. In this sense, the present study has as main objective to analyze banking competition and the concentration of the Financial System in Brazil considering financial institutions within the new market context. For the analysis, a sample of 131 banks was used, with data between the years 2016 and 2018, considering the period of mergers in RC5, according to the methodology. Panzar & Rosse (1987) H Statistics were used, whose developed test allows the discrimination of competition between monopoly, monopolistic competition and perfect competition, estimated in this work following the works of Silveira (2017). The results indicate the existence of monopolistic competition in Brazil, with a high concentration of banking activity in the 05 main Banks (Itaú, Bradesco, BB, Santander and CEF), where it appears that the concentration and competition of the financial system can be changed in response changes in the H index due to bank mergers.