EDUCAÇÃO FINANCEIRA E PLANEJAMENTO FINANCEIRO PARA A APOSENTADORIA: UM ESTUDO COM ALUNOS DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO (LATO E STRICTO SENSU)

Abstract

To prepare the population for retirement is in the scope of Brazil's National Strategy of Financial Education, and it brings with it the need for society to broaden the discussions of factors that are part of financial education, including the level of savings and social security culture of the population, for the well-being of the individual in the post-employment phase. In this perspective, a quantitative descriptive research was developed, aiming to identify the relationship between the level of financial education and the financial planning for retirement, taking post-graduate students as a sample. For this, a research survey was carried out with 329 post-graduate students. As a data collection instrument, a structured questionnaire was adopted, composed of 48 questions, which addressed socioeconomic and demographic variables, questions related to the retirement situation, questions that investigated the financial attitude, the financial behaviour and the financial knowledge of the sample. For the analysis of the data, descriptive and multivariate statistical methods were used. It was found that the level of financial education of the sample was high, that the planning for retirement demonstrated a positive relationship with the level of financial education, and that the socioeconomic and demographic variables influence the level of financial education. It was also found that, financial attitude obtained the highest averages in relation to planning for retirement, and that financial behavior showed the lowest averages. The results also showed that, despite the 62% index of good results related to financial education identified in the sample, only 37% of respondents reported having other types of security (excluding Social Security / INSS), of which 38% declared having social security as the only condition of retirement, and 24% declared that they did not have any type of plan for this purpose.