O PAPEL DO CRÉDITO BANCÁRIO NO DESENVOLVIMENTO REGIONAL: A LÓGICA DA SUA LOCALIZAÇÃO E ESTUDOS DE CASO NO ESTADO DE GOIÁS

Abstract

The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the role of credit in regional development and the banking market location logic in Brazil and in the state of Goiás as well. This essay was developed by means of bibliographical, documentary and field researches. The number of bank branches and bank credit is available on the website of the Central Bank of Brazil, on the City Banking Statistics. The data analysis is done in a comparative way and uses the Location Quotient, which verifies the level of relative concentration of the banking market. Assuming that the development should also be understood under a territorial perspective, the economic indicators and relative concentration show that the growth of determined activity, productive and financial, may not culminate in regional development. The field research takes place in three cities, which are the headquarters of industrial companies that demand bank credit. Using the data of this methodological procedure, it is possible to explain and understand the role of credit in local development. The study of this case allows to verify the existence of the connection among the operation of the companies, bank credit and the socioeconomic development of the cities in question. The results of the data analyze reveal a location logic of the banking market concentrated and harnessed to the level of the economic activity. Therefore, it concluded that the credit contributed to the development. However, the amount of credit must expand regionally in a more balanced way, creating conditions to the regional development.