ANÁLISE DAS RELAÇÕES CONTRATUAIS NO SISTEMA DE INTEGRAÇÃO VERTICAL DE PRODUÇÃO DE AVES DE CORTE NO MUNICÍPIO DE RIO VERDE - GOIÁS, SOB A ÓTICA DA NOVA ECONOMIA INSTITUCIONAL

Abstract

Since the beginning of the 1970s, the aviculture sector has suffered deep alterations, resulting principally from macroeconomic, competition and consumption changes in the country. Among these changes , it is possible to highlight the stablishment of new trading ways between integrated producers and slaughter/processing agribusiness industries. These new governance methods are still in a transitional phase, therefore, they cannot be considered as definitive. The present paper analysed the existing contract tradings in the model of integration to broilers production in Rio Verde-GO under the integrated producer perspective, getting to know how this producer is dependent on the integrating industry. This way, theoretical recital of New Institutional Economy and the Trading Costs Economy are used as a base to prove the aim of the research. The research was carried out in four steps: I: definition of theoretical recital; II: methodology of research; III: primary data collection and IV: analysis of results. All the analyses were done from the obtained results through a field work, when 40, out of 78 integrated producers, were interviewed. With the results it was possible to identify, in the integrated point of view, their dependence on the integrated system when producing broilers. After that not only a social profile of the producer was outlined but also a socioeconomical profile of the rural property, as well as their own analysis of the model of integration where they participated. Considering the analysis from the producers point of view, it was found that they are dependent on the industry if the aviculture activity is considered in a particular way in their property, because the activity does not respond to a high participation in this producer income, on the other hand it was observed that only a small portion of the property is designed to aviculture. Considering the contract aspects, it was seen that it is prepared by the industry, so to the producer was given the choice of accepting or not the imposed conditions, strengthening the idea of productive subordination in the property, since the industry is responsible to supply one-day-old chicks, medication, feed, technical assistance and transport. It is important to mention that the industry gives a firm commitment to purchase all the production, though the integrated only knows the prices after deliverying the production. In the end, this research opens the discussions, from the integrated perspective, and hopes to be useful as a basis of reflexion to the industrial segment regarding better conditions to ensure economical and contractual efficiency in this activity.