ANÁLISE DA COMPETITIVIDADE DO COMPLEXO SOJA BRASIL NO PERÍODO ENTRE AS SAFRAS 2002/2003 A 2012/2013

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze the competitiveness of the soybean complex Brazil in the period between the seasons 2002/03 to 2012/13. For this purpose, we used the model of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) evaluating the key factors responsible for rapid growth in production and exports of soybeans Brazil through its components (soybeans, soybean meal and soybean oil). The model of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) takes as its premise that the country analyzed tends to specialize in exports of products that they are more competitive. In this analysis when the indicator shows a value greater than 1, the products will be competitive, showing that the participation of the product analyzed, the exports of the country under consideration is greater than the country's participation in the global market. Other indicators of competitiveness also were used in the present study because they allow assessing the competitiveness of the soybean complex in international trade, and they participate in world trade - Market-share, which indicates how much the country participates in the world market, participation in exports of soybeans, indicating how the soybean complex participates in the total value of exports of the country, participation of trade of soybean complex in total trade of agricultural products, indicating the importance of the soybean complex in agricultural sector of the country and the participation of the trade balance of the soybean complex in agricultural GDP. In the analysis of Revealed Comparative Advantage for the soybean complex Brazil, were observed high values for the indicator, for all the evaluated period, thus presenting comparative advantage. In relation to the Marketshare Brazil showed significant growth in the period assessed, in relation to participation in Brazilian export basket and participation in exports of agricultural products and participation in agricultural GDP, soy complex is the main sector of the Brazilian agribusiness and the largest generator of foreign exchange to Brazil in this segment.