Eficiência Técnica e Produtividade da Agropecuária Tocantinense Utilizando a Análise Envoltória de Dados

Abstract

The discussions on the impacts of agriculture in the process of economic growth, are not new in Economic Science, and play an important role in the debate economic theorist. The sector in the State of Tocantins is one of the pillars of its economy and the growth in the sector should be supported by gains in efficiency and productivity. Hence the importance of understanding its potential and limitations. The main objective of this study is to identify the determinants the technical efficiency and productivity in the agricultural municipalities of Tocantins. Thus, for the development we used the method of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to measure the technical efficiency and Malmquist Index to determine productivity in the sector. In selecting variables and DEA model, we used the combinatorial multicriteria by scenarios and in the operationalization of the variables we used the applications DEA-SAED v1.0 and Integrated Decision Support - SIAD v3.0. The results of applying the DEA-BCC oriented product identified in 1995/96, 34 counties efficient, after analyzing the Decision Making Unit (DMU) as reference units, it was concluded that 18 DMU's can be considered efficient, in other words 14.63% of the municipalities. In 2006, using the same procedure, 15 DMU's were efficient, that is, 10.79% of the municipalities of Tocantins. The Malmquist Index improved 85.37% of the municipalities, boosted by gains in technological efficiency, while technical efficiency has declined by 95.93% of DMU's. The technical guidance, the properties of the family farm and the value of investments as solving linear programming problem are the variables determining the technical efficiency, so the main hypothesis was confirmed as decisions to achieve technical efficiency. The secondary hypotheses as the presence of family farming properties and employed persons, also stated as important motivating technical efficiency, however, be ensured that the secondary hypothesis, the number of tractors, is defining this efficiency. The study concludes the light of the developed method and hypotheses a set of proposals to eliminate or mitigate the technical inefficiency and recommendations of what could be practiced in agriculture of municipalities of Tocantins to raise their technical efficiency and productivity gains